All OP Fx but forearm are associated with increased mortality. In 2010, the direct costs of OP Fx in the five largest EU countries was evaluated at €29 billion and at €38.7 billion in the 27 countries. Collectively, all OP Fx account for 2.7 million Fx in men and women in Europe. Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a systemic disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures (Fx). The recommendation to use dairy products as the preferred source of calcium and vitamin D in aging males and females is supported by public health and health economic analyses. This intervention is cost-effective from 70 years on in the general population and from 60 years on in patients at increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. In total, the daily intake of vitamin-D rich dairy products reduces by 30,376 and 16,105 events the number of osteoporotic fractures in women and men respectively and permits to gain 66 life-years, in women and men respectively. Annual costs of dairy products were tested at €150, €250 and €350. We designed a population-based model to forecast the potential health outcomes and medical effectiveness of the daily administration of dairy supplements containing 800 IU of vitamin D and 1 g of calcium in cohorts of subjects, from both genders, aged 50, 60, 70 and 80 years.
If she has a balanced diet, she may only need an additional 500 mg of calcium.Dietary sources of calcium and vitamin D are recommended as a first-line strategy in prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures but their public health and economic impact has never been studied. If she does not eat dairy, she may need a supplement. If a woman with these characteristics is meeting her RDA through food, it is best that she not add a calcium supplement. However, postmenopausal women at increased risk for fractures or osteoporosis need more calcium and vitamin D. There is evidence of risks (stroke and heart attack) of taking too much calcium through supplements. Men or women at risk for fracture or osteoporosisġ,200 mg calcium (diet + supplements) and 20–40 mcg (1,000 – 2,000 IUs) of vitamin D There is not enough scientific evidence to define the risks and benefits of taking calcium and vitamin D supplements in men. If a premenopausal woman does not eat any dairy foods, she likely needs to take a calcium supplement - 500 mg is probably enough to get her into a reasonable range. If a premenopausal woman meets her RDA through food, she should not take a calcium supplement. There is not enough scientific evidence to define the risks and benefits of taking calcium and vitamin D supplements in premenopausal women.
The risks of taking calcium and vitamin D supplements are not known in this group, however, during the bone building years, girls need extra calcium and might benefit from vitamin D supplements as well.
0 kommentar(er)
